Machine for forming plastic items



Jan. 21, 1964 E. FREEDMAN ETAL 3,118,176

MACHINE FOR FORMING PLASTIC ITEMS Filed Jan. 20, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ely Freedman Maurice J. Bernard Gerson Meyer Robert Mayer INVENTORS 1964 E. FREEDMAN ETAL 3,118,176

MACHINE FOR FORMING PLASTIC ITEMS Er V44 Filed Jan. 20, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig. 3

Ely Freedman Mburice J. Bernard Gerson Meyer Robert Mayer 1N VEN TORS M 0 6 W w J 1964 E. FREEDMAN ETAL- 3,118,176

MACHINE FOR FORMING PLASTIC ITEMS Filed Jan. 20, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig. 4

514 I A V y 411 52" 1 E /32 56 r M e A Ely Freedman Maurice J. Bernard Gerson Meyer Robert Mayer INVENTORS 1964 E. FREEDMAN ETAL 3,118,176

MACHINE FOR FORMING PLASTIC ITEMS Filed Jan. 20, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Fig. 5

we Q /04 Ely Freedman Maurice J- Bernard Gersan Meyer Robert Mayer INVENTORS m' @Mm 21, 1954 E. FREEDMAN ETAL 76 MACHINE FOR FORMING PLASTIC ITEMS Filed Jan. 20, 1959 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fig. 6

Ely Freedman Maurice J. Bernard Gersan Meyer Robert Mayer INVENTORS Jan. 21, 1964 E. FREEDMAN ETAL 3,118,176

MACHINE FOR FORMING PLASTIC ITEMS Filed Jan. 20, 1959 s Sheets-Sheet 6 Fig. 8

t5 4 we 4: A: I u y /80 T. I 31 a I I I I l 55 I52 lee-4: f /86 /75 F" m Fig. 9 1 I30 w I I in e 7 4g, 72 /74 Ely Freedman Maurice J. Bernard 55 Gerson Meyer Robert Mayer I INVENTORS 9 ln' 94 wfi fim United States Patent 3 118 176 MACHlNE FOR G iLASTlQ ITEMS Ely Freedman and Maurice 3. Bernard, Atlanta, Ga.,

Ger-son Meyer, Baltimore, Md, and Robert Mayer,

Scarsdale, N35 assignors to Temp-Tamer Qorporation,

a corporation of Georgia Filed Jan. 2%, 1959, Ser. No. 787,945 7 Q'Jiaims. (Cl. 18-5) The present invention generally relates to a novel machine for forming plastic items of expanded polystyrene and more particularly to such a machine for use in forming disposable cups (which machine and mold are shown) having an extremely low manufacturing cost and having heat insulation qualities such that the cups (or other items) may be used for heated or cooled liquids.

There currently is on the commercial market various brands of paper cups which are relatively inexpensive and which are intended to be thrown away after use. However, paper cups are very poor insulators thus requiring a special construction it the cups are intended to be used with hot liquids such as hot cotlee or the like. Some measure of success has been found by providing handles for cups intended to be used with hot liquids. However, this adds to the cost of the cup and also provides a 'very insecure grip for the cup. Therefore, it is the primary object or the present invention as it relates to a cup to provide a cup of an expanded plastic material having a weight le s than the weight of a comparative size paper cup and having a manufacturing cost equal to or less than a comparative paper cup and which also has insulation qualities due to the cellular construction thereof which enables hot liquid to be consumed from the cup with the cup being gripped in the normal manner and without any discomfort being felt by the person holding the cup after which the cup may be thrown away similar to the manner in which a paper cup is thrown away.

The material from which the plastic cup is manufactured is an expanded styrene expanded from 20 to 56 times its initial volume and constituted by a plurality of independent closed cells which are not communicated with each other which provides the insulation qualities and also provides a liquid proof construction when the expanded styrene is formed into a finished cup by the machine for so forming the cup which machine constitutes the present invention. The machine includes gen erally a male die and a female die spaced therefrom with the space between the dies receiving the expanded styrene material and generally shaping the same as a cup together with a plunger having an air nozzle incorporated therein for blowing the expanded styrene into the area between the dies thereby maintaining the expanded condition of the expanded styrene until it is formed into the shape of a cup (the plunger makes the bottom of the cup) after which final pressure and heat is applied to the expanded styrene for forming an extremely light cup having a cellular construction with the cells being independent from each other thereby providing a high degree of insulation and also providing liquid-proof qualities to the cup.

The machine of the present invention also employs a novel air injection apparatus for injecting the expanded st' rene into the area between the male and female molds or dies, novel means for setting and curing the cup and then cooling the same, novel means for ejecting the cup from the mold and delivering the same to a storage area.

A further obiect of the present invention is to provide a machine in accordance with the preceding which is relatively simple in construction, adapted for automatic operation, easy to use, efficient in operation and relatively inexpensive to manufacture and maintain.

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These together with other objects and advantages which will become subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and operation as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like numerals refer to like parts throughout, and in which:

FIGURE 1 is a side elevation :of the machine of the present invention showing the relationship of the component parts thereof together with the mechanism for supplying the raw material and the mechanism for removing and storing the finished product;

FIGURE 2 is a perspective view of one of the finished cups; 1

FIGURE 3 is a vertical sectional view of the machine illustrating the first step in which the raw material is being supplied into the female die or mold after the male mold has been raised into position;

FIGURE 4 is a sectional View similar to FIGURE 3 illustrating the relationship of the component parts of the machine in the final stage of forming the cup;

EiGURE 5 is a sectional view similar to FIGURE 3 illustrating the finished cup being removed from the female mold;

FZGURE 6 is a transverse, sectional view taken substantially upon a plane passing along section line 66 of FiGURE 3 illustrating the construction of the filler or supply plate;

FEGURE 7 is a transverse, sectional view taken substantially upon a plane passing along section line 7-7 of FIGURE 4 illustrating the details of construction of the molds and the relationship therebetween;

FIGURE 8 is a detailed sectional view of the finished cup storage mechanism;

FIGURE 9 is an enlarged detail sectional View illustrating the orientation of the structure when compressed air is used for blowing the expanded material into the area between the molds; and

FIGURE 10 is a detailed sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of one of the plungers and the air injection apparatus incorporated therewith.

Referrin now specifically to the drawings, the numeral iii generally designates the plastic cup forming machine or the present invention which includes a supply appagenerally designated by the numeral 12, a stationary central mold section 14, a lower movable mold section generally designated by the numeral 2t? and an upper movable plunger section generally designated by the numeral 22, means for removing the finished cup designated generally by the numeral 24 and means for storing the completed cups generally designated by the numeral 26 with the finished cups being designated by the numeral 23 and which has a peripheral bead or rim 29 at the free edge thereof.

The supply mechanism 12 broadly includes a hopper having a quantity of expanded styrene 31 therein and which has a plunality of discharge spouts or nozzles 32 for alignment with a supply plate 34 having an annular ring dfl'on one edge thereof and a plurality of measuring openings 42 for alignment with the discharge nozzles 32 for receiving a quantity of the material and delivering it to the central mold section 14. A movable closure plate 44 is provided for the spouts 32 and may be solenoid actuated by solenoid as whereby the swinging supply plate 3 1:, when in alignment with the discharge nozzle 32 will energize the solenoid 46 by engagement with a suitable rnicroswitch or the like thereby moving the plate 44 so that apertures therein will become aligned with the discharge nozzle 32 for discharging the material 31 into the openings 42. A lower plate 43 is provided for closing the lower ends of the openings 42 and this plate will remain closed until the swing plate 34 is moved into overunsure lying relation to the central section 14 whereupon it will be opened and will discharge the material 31 from the openings 42 into the central section 14 in a manner to be described hereinafter. The bin 12 is supported by a suitable supporting member 50 alongside of the machine I'd.

The machine it: includes a pair of upstanding rods or frame members '2- rigidly interconnected by a transverse plate 5-; at the upper end thereof and also rigidly interconnected by a central section 14 which is provided with a pair of sleeves ss encircling the frames 52 and held rigid thereon by bolts or other suitable fastening means 53.

Referring now specifically to r SURE 3, the central section 14 includes a lower plate 6% and an upper plate 62 interconnected by a side plate as which defines a hollow interior. The upper plate 62 is provided with a plurality of openings as and depending from each open ng 66 is a hollow member generally designated by the numeral 63 and including an upper cylindrical portion '73 and a lower tapered portion '72 which tapers outwardly and forms a female mold or die which has at the lower edge thereof a peripheral recess 74 for forming a bead and an outwardly extending flange 75 received in a recessed or countersunk opening 73 in the lower plate 6 3. The line of juncture between the cylindrical section 79' and the tapered section '72 is designated by the numeral E'll. T he peripheral wall 6 is provided with a steam inlet pipe opening 34 and also a wa er outlet pipe opening ss. Encircling each of the female mold members 68 is a water spray pipe 83 having a plurality of apertures ll therein which will discharge water onto the outer surface of the female member 6 8 for cooling the same. A water supply line is attached to the conduit 83 in any suitable manner The lower movable section 26 includes a lower plate 5 2, an upper plate 94 and a peripheral wall 96 having sleeves 98 attached thereto slidab-ly engaged with the upright frame members 52. The lower section is also hollow and the upper plate 94 is provided with a plurality of countersunk apertures 16%) receiving flanges ill-2 on the lower ends of frusto-conical male members 104 which are received within the tapered portion 72 of the female mold members 68. The wall so is provided with a steam inlet pipe 196 and also a drain pipe 168 and a water supply conduit 11G having upstanding branches 112 extending interiorly of each frusto-conical member 1494 with the upwardly extending member 112 having a plurality of apertures 114 for spraying water against the inner surface of the frusto-conical member 31434 for purposes of cooling the same. The top wall 116, FIGURE 9, of the frustoconical member 164 is provided with a series of circumferentially spaced apertures 118 therein which are extremely small and which are for the purposes of permitting air passage through the top wall 116 for breaking the vacuum that would be caused by downward movement of the lfrusto-conical member 1&4 away from the cup after it had been completed and also for permitting air to pass therethrough for assuring that the cup will not recede downwardly with the male mold member or die Elli-t.

The lower plate 92 is provided with an adapter 12% receiving the upper end of a piston rod 122- extending into a cylinder 124, FIGURE 1, which is of the double acting type and provided with air lines 126 and 128 for admitting air into the desired end of the cylinder 124 for urging the lower section upwardly or downwardly as may be desired.

The upper section 22 includes a plate 13%, FIGURE having a pair of sleeves 132 thereon slidable on the u standing 'rame members 52 with the center of the plate 113% also having a threaded adapter 13 for threadedly engaging the lower end of a piston rod 13% which has a piston 13% on the other end thereof slidable within :1 cylinder 14*? mounted rigidly on the transverse bar 54 and which has an air conduit 142 leading into the upper end thereof and an air conduit i s-"l leading into the lower end thereof for providing a double acting piston and cylinder arrangement for raising and lowering the plate ffiil.

Extending downwardly from the plate 1343 is a pluralit of hollow cylindrical piungers each of which is communicated with an air supply line 1:3 by virtue of a litting 25$ with the air supply line extending from a control valve 152 connected with an air line 154- and having a plunger 156 engageable with a cam recess or projection 158, FIGURE 4, mounted on the vertical frame member 52 for controlling inlet of air into the respective cylindrical plungers 146.

FlG 10 illustrates the detail of the lower end of each plunger which includes a supporting spider 158 slidably su 1 orting the shank of a valve member 162. T he shank 16% extends through the spider and is provided with a removable washer or annular member 16 on the upper end thereof with a compression spring E56 disposed between the spider A cthe washer 164 thus normally urging the valve 162 inwardly into the cylindrical plunger 145.

The lower end of the shank res is integral with the valve 162 which is generally a frustum of a cone and provided with a downw rdly and outwardly tapering peripheral surface which engages a similar inclined valve seat 17 The valve res is provided with four angularly extending passageways 172, which ter iinate in discharge apertures 174 about the center of the bottom surface of the valve member tea which projects below the bottom ed e of the plunger 1-:6 slightly and which projecting port on has vertical edges or edges parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical plunger 146.

When air is admitted into the interior of the plunger 146, the air pressure will force the valve 162 off of the valve 176 slightly so that air will discharge downwardly and outwardly between the valve 162 and the valve 17% and at the same time discharge through the passageways 172. As soon as the air pressure stops, the spring 166 will return the valve 162 to a seated position but the valve 162 still will project downwardly beyond the lower edge of the cylindrical plunger 146 which also has a peripheral shoulder 17s at the lower end thereof for telescopic engagement with the upper end of the cylindrical portion '76 of the female die or mold member as for a purpose de-' scribed hereinafter.

The mechanism 2 for removing the finished cups includes a swinging plate 178 having a sleeve 1&0 mounted thereon and rotatable on an upright support 182. Slidably mounted in the plate 178 is a plurality of shanks 13 4 having their lower ends interconnected by an operating bar 136 and having on their upper ends a generally frusto-conical member 1&8 similar in shape and size to the frusto-conical members 1 34.

When the movable section 24 is lowered, the plate 178 may be rotated about the axis of the upright 182 into overlying relation to the frusto-conical members 164 wherein the frusto-conical members 194 may be lowered and left down while 178 swings into place so that the cups will be deposited on the frusto-conical members 188 in a manner to be described hereinafter so that the same may be swung outwardly into a position underlying the storage mechanism 26.

The storage mechanism 26 includes a plurality of vertically disposed tubular members 1% supported by brackets 192 on an upright 194 having a base 196 carrying a piston 198 and cylinder Zilll with air lines 262 connected thereto whereby the piston 11% may be expanded for moving the frusto-conical members 138 upwardly into the open lower ends of the tubular members 19%). The lower end of the tubular members 1% are each provided with clips 2% for gripping engagement with the lips 2d of the finished cups 28 for retaining the cups in nested inverted stacked relation in the tubular members 190. The upper end of the tubular members 19:; may be opened so that a quantity of the stock of inverted cups may be removed when they proceed above the tubular members 1% or all of the cups may be removed by manually spreading the spring clips 2G4 apart.

The movable plate 48 is provided with a pair of upstanding lugs 206 which are attached to spring urged plungers carried by the supply plate 34. As the supply plate 34 moves to a position overlying the stationary central section 14, the corner of the sliding plate 48 engages a stop member causing sliding movement of the plate 48 so that the apertures 208 therein may become aligned with the apertures 42 in the plate 24 for supplying the material into the cylindrical section of the female mold or die member. When the plate 34 is swung away from the stop member, the spring urged plungers 2% return the plate 48 to an original position with there being a stop lug Zltl for limiting the sliding movement of the plate 48.

The top surface of the upper plate 94 of the bottom movable section 20 is provided with grooves 212 for bleeding of air from between the male and female die or mold for assuring proper filling of this area and for assuring proper completion'of the cup. The elements 59, 52, 182, 194 and 1% form the frame structure of the machine it).

In operational procedure, the lower section 29 and the upper section 22 are spaced remotely from the central stationary section 14. The plate 34 is swung inwardly after the apertures therein have been filled and the material will be deposited gravitationally into the cylindrical upper end 71'? of the female mold 68. This is done after the male molds or die members 194 are elevated to close the lower end of the central section. The plate 34 is then swung to an out-of-the-way position for refill of the apertures therein and the upper section is lowered so that the lower ends of the plungers 145 are just inside or below the upper end of the cylindrical section 7% with this condition being illustrated in FIGURE 9. As the plate 13% is lowered to this position, the plunger 156 will drop into the cam groove thus admitting air into the plunger 146. Air pressure in the plunger 146 will engage the upper surface of the valve 162 thus forcing the valve 162 oil of the seat so that air passes between the valve 162 and the seat 17%? and also passes downwardly through the passageways 172. This air will flow the expanded styrene 39 into the area between the male die member 1% and the tapered section 72 and will force the air out through the gooves 212. As the plate 13% is lowered further, the air will be cut off by the cam operated valve 152 and the plunger will be lowered to its final position which is illustrated in FIGURE 4. In this condition, the lower end of the plunger forms the bottom of the cup with the face of the valve member 162 forming the recess in the bottom due to the projection of the valve member 162 slightly beyond the bottom end of the plunger Steam is then turned on for heating the female die member and the male die member for a predetermined length of time with the pressure or" tne downward force of the plate 13% and the increase in temperature c used by the steam causing a final cohesion between the cells of the expanded styrene and causing a substantial y glazed external and internal finish on the final cup product. After the steam has been applied for a predetermined time increment which is only a matter of seconds, the steam is shut oil and water is sprayed into the interior of the molds thus cooling the same. Drain pipes are provided for the water and the steam and these are valve controlled as is the inlet for the steam and water. For aiding in water evacuation or discharge from the molds, compressed air may be admitted into the same. When compressed air is admitted into the lower mold and the lower mold is initially lowered, some of the compressed air will pass through the openings 118 for breaking the vacuum iri the internal surface of the cup and the external surface of the male mold member ice and will retain the cup in the female mold member 68. After the male mold member rue has been lowered, the plate 178 is swung inwardly so that the male members 188 are able to receive the cups. The plate 131 is then raised after the plate 178 is swung into position whereupon entrance of air back into the plunger caused by the cam valve 15?. passing over the cam again will cause the air to blow the cup downwardly out of the stationary female mold directly onto the male members 133 so that the cups will be simultaneously moveddownwardiy and then swung over and raised upwardly into the tubular members 1%. As the male members188 pro ceed into the tubular member 199, the clips 204 clip over the beads or the cup whereupon the male members 188 may recede downwardly and leave the cups 2% in the tubular members. The last blast of air into the female mold members 68 also cleans the female moldrnember for subsequent operation.

While the device has been described as a manual operation and has been illustrated withfour molds for each unit, it is pointed out that any number of cups may be provided with a single operation and by providingvarious automatic controls, all of the operational procedures may be sequentially and automatically performed. In practical operation, it has been found that the entire cycle of forming each group of cups lies between 30 and 40 seconds. However, with proper automation and automatic controls, the time could undoubtedly be reduced. Also, the cup may be provided with downwardly extending flutes on the upper outer surface thereof for purposes of aiding in the breaking of the vacuum between a plurality of cups when they are in nested relation. Various means may be provided for this purpose on the cup.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles or" the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. A machine for forming a cup-shaped item from expanded plastic material comprising a stationary hollow female mold, a movable male mold located beneath the stationary mold, said movable male mold being hollow and partially telescopic in relation to the lower portions of said female mold for forming a, cup-shaped mold chamber therebetween, a movable plate overlying the stationary female mold, a depending hollow plunger on said plate for extending into the upper portion of said female mold and forming a closure for the upper end of said mold chamber, air supply means communicated with the plunger for discharging air therefrom into the upper end of the female mold for blowing and evenly distributing expanded plastic into said mold chamber, said plunger also forming the bottom of the item when lowered to its lowermost position thereby completing the item, valve means controlling said air supply means, control means for said valve means automatically responsive to movement of said movable plate and set to hold said valve means open only during the increment of movement of said plunger between the position corresponding to forming said closure and said lowermost position thereof, steam supply means connected to the hollow molds for heating the item, cooling supply means connected to the hollow mold for cooling the molds after heating, and drain means for the hollow molds.

2. The structure defiined in claim 1 wherein said plunger is provided with a spring urged check valve in the lower end thereof for discharging air therefrom but preventing flow of expanded plastic therethrough, said valve having a plurality of passages for spreading the discharge of air over the entire area of the bottom of the cup for assuring positioning of the expanded plastic material into said mold chamber.

3. The structure as defined in claim 1 wherein said female mold includes a cylindrical upper section for receiving the plunger and a downwardly md outwardly tapered lower section, said male mold being generally frusto-conical in shape for telescopic engagement with the tapered lower section of the female mold.

The structure as defined in claim 1 wherein said male mold is provided with a plurality of small apertures for breaking the suction between the male mold and the item when the item is completed whereby the cup Will be retained in the female mold whereby discharge of air from the plunger will blow the item from the female mold onto a storage member simulating the male mold.

5. A machine for forming a cup-shaped article from mold material and comprising frame means having fixed and movable portions, a first mold member carried by said frame means and having a female mold cavity provided with a pair of open ends, a second mold member carried by said frame means and having a male portion disposed in said cavity and closing one of said open ends thereof, said male portion cooperating with said cavity to define part of a cupshaped mold chamber, means carried by said frame means for supplying a predetermined quantity of mold material into the other open end of said cavity, a plunger carried by :a movable portion of said frame means and being movable into said other open end of said cavity to close said other open end, to force mold material therefrom into said mold chamber and to move into position to form part of said mold chamber, means for supplying fluid pressure through said plunger into said cavity to force said mold material into said mold chamber, valve means controlling said means for supplying said fluid pressure, and control means for said valve means automatically responsive to movement of said a movable portion of said frame means, said valve control means being set to hold said valve open only during the increment of movement of said plunger between positions thereof corresponding to closing said other open end of said cavity and forming said part of said mold chamber.

6. A machine as set forth in claim 5 wherein said plunger has an end surface forming and part of said mold chamber, said end surface including means for forming a recess in the molded article.

7. A machine as set forth in claim 5 wherein said plunger has an end surface forming said part of said mold chamber, said end surface including a normally closed valve, said valve when opened permitting said fluid pressure to pass from said plunger into said cavity.

References ellited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 896,852 McKee Aug. 25, 1908 1,375,950 Bewley Apr. 26, 1921 1,497,191 Moland June 10, 1924 1,823,180 White et a1. Sept. 15, 193 2,399,592 Bradshaw Apr. 30, 1946 2,468,672 Judell Apr. 26, 1949 2,717,417 Rigsby Sept. 13, 1955 2,789,332 Scott Apr. 23, 1957 2,841,826 Brucker July 8, 1958 2,876,492 Frieder et al Mar. 10, 1959 2,951,260 Harrison et a1. Sept. 6, 1960 2,959,900 Wollett Nov. 15, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 642,690 Great Britain Sept. 6, 950 993,936 France Nov. 8, 1951 

5. A MACHINE FOR FORMING A CUP-SHAPED ARTICLE FROM MOLD MATERIAL AND COMPRISING FRAME MEANS HAVING FIXED AND MOVABLE PORTIONS, A FIRST MOLD MEMBER CARRIED BY SAID FRAME MEANS AND HAVING A FEMALE MOLD CAVITY PROVIDED WITH A PAIR OF OPEN ENDS, A SECOND MOLD MEMBER CARRIED BY SAID FRAME MEANS AND HAVING A MALE PORTION DISPOSED IN SAID CAVITY ANDCLOSING ONE OF SAID OPEN ENDS THEREOF, SAID MALE PORTION COOPERATING WITH SAID CAVITY TO DEFINE PART OF A CUP-SHAPED MOLD CHAMBER, MEANS CARRIED BY SAID FRAME MEANS FOR SUPPLYING A PREDETERMINED QUANTITY OF MOLD MATERIAL INTO THE OTHER OPEN END OF SAID CAVITY, A PLUNGER CARRIED BY A MOVABLE PORTION OF SAID FRAME MEANS AND BEING MOVABLE INTO SAID OTHER OPEN END OF SAID CAVITY TO CLOSE SAID OTHER OPEN END, TO FORCE MOLD MATERIAL THEREFROM INTO SAID MOLD CHAMBER AND TO MOVE INTO POSITION TO FORM PART OF SAID MOLD CHAMBER, MEANS FOR SUPPLYING FLUID PRESSURE THROUGH SAID PLUNGER INTO SAID CAVITY TO FORCE SAID MOLD MATERIAL INTO SAID MOLD CHAMBER, VALVE MEANS CONTROLLING SAID MEANS FOR SUPPLYING SAID FLUID PRESSURE, AND CONTROL MEANS FOR SAID VALVE MEANS AUTOMATICALLY RESPONSIVE TO MOVEMENT OF SAID MOVABLE PORTION OF SAID FRAME MEANS,SAID VALVE CONTROL MEANS BEING SET TO HOLD SAID VALVE OPEN ONLY DURING THE INCREMENT OF MOVEMENT OF SAID PLUNGER BETWEEN POSITIONS THEREOF CORRESPONDING TO CLOSING SAID OTHER OPEN END OF SAID CAVITY AND FORMING SAID PART OF SAID MOLD CHAMBER. 